Cov vev xaib raug cuam tshuam tas li los ntawm hackers thiab cybercriminals. Hmoov tsis zoo, ntau tus tswv lub vev xaib tsis ua cov kauj ruam tsim nyog los tiv thaiv lawv qhov chaw, ua rau lawv muaj kev cuam tshuam rau kev tawm tsam. Hauv tsab ntawv blog no, kuv yuav tham txog tsib feem ntau cov vev xaib tawm tsam thiab koj tuaj yeem tiv thaiv lawv li cas.
1. Hla-Site Scripting
Cross-site scripting (XSS) yog hom kev tawm tsam uas tso cai rau tus neeg tawm tsam los txhaj cov lej tsis zoo rau hauv nplooj ntawv web.
Cov cai no yog tom qab ntawd raug tua los ntawm cov neeg siv uas mus saib nplooj ntawv, uas ua rau muaj kev tua tus neeg tawm tsam lub siab phem code.
XSS kev tawm tsam yog qhov kev hem thawj loj heev, vim tias lawv tuaj yeem siv los nyiag cov ntaub ntawv rhiab, ua haujlwm dag, lossis tseem tswj hwm tus neeg siv lub browser.
Muaj ob yam tseem ceeb ntawm XSS tawm tsam: muaj kev cuam tshuam thiab tsis tu ncua.
- Reflective XSS tawm tsam tshwm sim thaum lub siab phem code raug txhaj rau hauv nplooj ntawv thiab tam sim ntawd rov qab los rau tus neeg siv, yam tsis tau muab khaws cia rau hauv lub server.
- Persistent XSS tawm tsam tshwm sim thaum tus kab mob phem raug txhaj rau hauv nplooj ntawv thiab tom qab ntawd muab khaws cia rau ntawm lub server, qhov twg nws yuav raug tua txhua zaus uas nplooj nkag mus.
Muaj ob peb txoj hauv kev los tiv thaiv XSS tawm tsam. Ua ntej, koj tuaj yeem siv a web application firewall (WAF) los lim tawm cov code phem.
Lwm qhov kev xaiv yog mus siv input validation, uas txhais tau tias kuaj xyuas cov neeg siv nkag rau cov lej tsis zoo ua ntej nws ua tiav los ntawm tus neeg rau zaub mov.
Thaum kawg, koj tuaj yeem siv cov ntawv tso tawm encoding, uas hloov cov cim tshwj xeeb rau hauv lawv qhov sib npaug HTML.
Los ntawm kev ua raws li cov kev ceev faj no, koj tuaj yeem pab tiv thaiv koj lub vev xaib los ntawm XSS tawm tsam thiab lwm yam kev txhaj tshuaj raws li kev tawm tsam.
2. SQL Txhaj
SQL txhaj tshuaj yog cov txheej txheem kev txhaj tshuaj code uas siv kev nyab xeeb tsis zoo hauv lub vev xaib software.
Qhov kev pheej hmoo yog tam sim no thaum tus neeg siv tswv yim tsis raug validated ua ntej dhau mus rau SQL database.
Qhov no tuaj yeem tso cai rau tus neeg tawm tsam ua phem SQL code uas tuaj yeem tswj xyuas lossis tshem tawm cov ntaub ntawv, lossis txawm tias tau txais kev tswj hwm ntawm database server.
SQL txhaj yog qhov teeb meem kev nyab xeeb loj thiab tuaj yeem siv los tua txhua lub vev xaib uas siv SQL database.
Hom kev tawm tsam no tuaj yeem nyuaj los tiv thaiv, tab sis muaj ob peb kauj ruam koj tuaj yeem ua los pab tiv thaiv koj cov ntaub ntawv.
Ua ntej, koj yuav tsum ib txwm validate thiab huv cov neeg siv tswv yim ua ntej nws nkag mus rau hauv koj lub database. Qhov no yuav pab kom paub tseeb tias cov cai phem raug tshem tawm ua ntej nws tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj.
Qhov thib ob, koj yuav tsum ua siv cov lus nug parameterized thaum twg los tau. Hom kev nug no tuaj yeem pab tiv thaiv koj cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm kev zam SQL dynamic execution.
Thaum kawg, koj yuav tsum tsis tu ncua saib xyuas koj cov ntaub ntawv rau txhua yam kev ua ub ua no. Los ntawm kev ua cov kauj ruam no, koj tuaj yeem pab tiv thaiv SQL txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab ua kom koj cov ntaub ntawv muaj kev nyab xeeb.
3. DDoS Attacks
DDoS, los yog faib tsis lees paub kev pabcuam, kev tawm tsam - yog hom kev tawm tsam cyber uas nrhiav kom dhau lub kaw lus nrog kev thov, ua rau nws tsis tuaj yeem ua haujlwm zoo.
Qhov no tuaj yeem ua tau los ntawm dej nyab lub hom phiaj nrog kev thov los ntawm ntau lub computer, los yog los ntawm kev siv ib lub computer los xa ntau qhov kev thov.
DDoS tawm tsam feem ntau yog siv los tshem tawm cov vev xaib lossis cov kev pabcuam online thiab tuaj yeem cuam tshuam heev. Lawv tuaj yeem nyuaj los tiv thaiv, tab sis muaj qee cov kauj ruam koj tuaj yeem ua los tiv thaiv koj lub cev.
Muaj ob peb txoj hauv kev los tiv thaiv DDoS nres. Koj tuaj yeem siv DDoS kev pabcuam tiv thaiv, uas yuav hloov tsheb khiav tawm ntawm koj lub server thaum muaj kev tawm tsam.
Koj kuj tuaj yeem siv a cov ntsiab lus xa tawm network (CDN) zoo li Cloudflare, uas yuav faib koj cov ntsiab lus thoob plaws lub network ntawm servers kom kev tawm tsam ntawm ib tus neeg rau zaub mov yuav tsis tshem koj lub vev xaib tag nrho.
Tau kawg, qhov kev tiv thaiv zoo tshaj plaws tiv thaiv DDoS nres yog npaj rau nws. Qhov no txhais tau tias muaj ib txoj kev npaj nyob rau hauv qhov chaw kom koj tuaj yeem hnov mob sai.
4. Tus password-raws li kev tawm tsam
Tus password-raws li kev tawm tsam yog ib qho cyberattack uas sim cuam tshuam tus neeg siv tus password.
Muaj ob peb lo lus zais-raws li kev tawm tsam uas muaj ntau. Nov yog qee qhov feem ntau:
- Brute quab yuam tawm tsam: Qhov no yog qhov uas tus neeg tawm tsam sim ntau tus lej password kom txog thaum lawv pom qhov tseeb. Qhov no tuaj yeem tiv thaiv tau los ntawm kev siv cov passwords muaj zog thiab txwv tus lej ntawm kev nkag mus tsis tau.
- Phau ntawv txhais lus tawm tsam: Qhov no yog qhov uas tus neeg tawm tsam siv cov npe ntawm cov lus thiab lo lus zais los sim thiab twv tus password kom raug. Qhov no tuaj yeem tiv thaiv tau los ntawm kev siv cov passwords muaj zog uas tsis yog cov lus zoo.
- Social engineering tawm tsam: Qhov no yog qhov uas tus neeg tawm tsam siv dag zog thiab dag ntxias kom tau ib tus neeg los qhia lawv tus password. Qhov no tuaj yeem tiv thaiv los ntawm kev cob qhia cov neeg siv kom tsis txhob nthuav tawm lawv tus password rau leej twg.
Kev tawm tsam tus password yog ib hom kev tawm tsam ntau tshaj plaws uas cov lag luam ntsib niaj hnub no.
Cov kev tawm tsam no tuaj yeem nyuaj heev los tiv thaiv, tab sis muaj ob peb kauj ruam koj tuaj yeem ua los pab txo qhov kev pheej hmoo.
Ib txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj los tiv thaiv tus password-raws li kev tawm tsam yog kom muaj cov cai tswj hwm tus password muaj zog. Qhov no txhais tau tias yuav tsum muaj cov passwords muaj zog thiab tshwj xeeb rau txhua tus account, thiab hloov tus password tsis tu ncua.
Siv tus password manager cov cuab yeej los tsim, tswj thiab khaws cov passwords ruaj ntseg yog ib qho ua tau zoo tshaj plaws, tab sis kuj yog txoj hauv kev yooj yim tshaj los tiv thaiv tus password raws li kev tawm tsam cyber.
Tsis tas li ntawd, koj tuaj yeem ua tau siv ob-factor authentication (2FA) xav tau ib daim ntaub ntawv ntxiv ua ntej tso cai nkag mus rau tus account.
Lwm cov kauj ruam uas koj tuaj yeem ua los tiv thaiv tus password-raws li kev tawm tsam suav nrog kev ua kom txhua tus software thiab cov tshuab tau hloov kho tshiab nrog cov kev ruaj ntseg tshiab thiab saib xyuas koj lub tshuab rau txhua yam kev ua ub ua no.
Yog tias koj xav tias koj raug kev tawm tsam, koj tuaj yeem tiv tauj lub tuam txhab kev ruaj ntseg rau kev pab.
5. Phishing Attacks
phishing nres yog ib hom kev tawm tsam cyber uas tsim los nyiag cov ntaub ntawv rhiab, xws li nkag mus rau daim ntawv pov thawj lossis cov ntaub ntawv nyiaj txiag.
Phishing tawm tsam feem ntau ua los ntawm xa emails uas tshwm sim los ntawm qhov chaw raug cai, xws li lub txhab nyiaj lossis lub vev xaib uas tus neeg raug tsim txom paub txog.
Tus email yuav muaj qhov txuas uas ua rau lub vev xaib cuav uas tsim los ntxias tus neeg raug tsim txom nkag mus rau lawv cov ntaub ntawv nkag lossis cov ntaub ntawv nyiaj txiag.
Phishing tawm tsam tuaj yeem nyuaj rau pom, vim tias cov emails tuaj yeem ua kom ntseeg tau. Txawm li cas los xij, muaj qee cov cim qhia uas koj tuaj yeem saib xyuas, xws li cov qauv sau ntawv tsis zoo lossis kev sau tsis raug, thiab kev nkag siab ceev hauv email.
Yog tias koj xav tias tej zaum koj yuav tau txais phishing email, tsis txhob nyem rau ntawm ib qho txuas lossis sau cov ntaub ntawv.
Muaj ob peb kauj ruam uas koj tuaj yeem ua los tiv thaiv koj tus kheej los ntawm phishing tawm tsam. Ua ntej, nco ntsoov tsuas yog qhib email los ntawm cov chaw ntseeg siab.
Yog tias koj tsis paub meej tias email puas raug cai, tsis txhob nyem rau ntawm qhov txuas lossis qhib cov ntawv txuas. Qhov thib ob, ceev faj txog cov email lossis cov vev xaib uas nug txog cov ntaub ntawv tus kheej.
Yog tias koj tsis paub meej tias lub vev xaib puas raug cai, nrhiav https:// hauv URL ua ntej nkag mus rau cov ntaub ntawv rhiab heev. Thaum kawg, khaws cia koj antivirus software mus txog hnub los pab tiv thaiv koj lub computer los ntawm cov software phem.
Los ntawm kev ua raws li cov kauj ruam no, koj tuaj yeem pab tiv thaiv koj tus kheej tiv thaiv phishing tawm tsam thiab txo qis qhov tshwm sim ntawm koj lub tuam txhab raug kev tsim txom cov ntaub ntawv vim qhov tshwm sim.
Ntsiab lus
Hauv kev xaus, 5 qhov kev tawm tsam hauv lub vev xaib feem ntau yog SQL txhaj tshuaj, kev sau ntawv hla chaw, DDoS tawm tsam, phishing tawm tsam, thiab malware.
Txhawm rau tiv thaiv cov kev tawm tsam no, cov tswv ntawm lub vev xaib yuav tsum khaws lawv cov software tshiab, lub vev xaib thaub qab, siv cov cai tswj hwm tus password kom muaj zog, thiab siv lub web application firewall.
Yog xav paub ntxiv txog yuav ua li cas kom koj lub vev xaib kom nyab xeeb, subscribe rau peb cov ntawv xov xwm.
